RULES · THE AT-BAT

Balls, strikes, fouls and when the at-bat ends

Every pitch changes the count or puts the ball in play. Three strikes usually make an out, four balls award first base, and a hit must stay in fair territory to become a normal live ball.

Checked against the 2025–2026 WBSC Official Rules of Baseball · Updated 1 September 2026

Read an at-bat with these three rules

  1. 01Three strikes usually mean a strikeout.
  2. 02Four balls send the batter to first base.
  3. 03A normal foul counts as a strike only while the batter has fewer than two strikes.

INTERACTIVE PITCH CALLS

See the strike zone and both foul lines.

Compare a strike through the zone, a ball outside it and contact that lands beyond a foul line.

Balls, strikes, fouls and when the at-bat ends

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THROUGH ZONE · NO SWING

The pitch crosses the strike zone and the batter does not swing, so a strike is added.

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01 / STRIKES

A strike can happen with or without a swing

A swing and miss is a strike. A pitch through the strike zone may also be called a strike when the batter does not swing.

The strike zone is above home plate and changes vertically with the batter’s stance. Three strikes normally produce a strikeout.

02 / BALLS

Do not chase every pitch

A pitch outside the strike zone is called a ball only when the batter does not swing. Swinging and missing at that same pitch would be a strike.

Four balls award the batter first base, which is called a walk. Knowing when not to swing is therefore part of hitting.

03 / FAIR OR FOUL

The foul lines themselves are fair

The two lines running from home plate through first and third base separate fair and foul territory. A ball touching a foul line is fair.

A normal foul ball adds a strike when the batter has zero or one strike. With two strikes, another normal foul usually keeps the count at two, although a foul bunt with two strikes is an out.